Trial by Jury, Is the Lamp That Shows That Freedom Lives Assignment

Trial by Jury, Is the Lamp That Shows That Freedom Lives - Assignment Example The task of this paper is to determine whether â€Å"the lamp that shows that freedom lives† has lost its glow or is there still a need for jury service? The answers to the questions are in the affirmative. The prevailing government policy is to limit access to trial by jury to the most serious offences or indictable offences such as murder and rape and persons accused of summary offences such as driving offences, drunkenness or disorderly behaviour, common assault and criminal damage where the damage cost is less than ?50003 shall not be entitled to a trial by jury. Cases of this nature shall fall within the jurisdiction of the Magistrates Court. On the other hand, the Magistrates or Crown Court has concurrent jurisdiction over offenses such as theft, burglary and assault resulting in actual bodily harm, these are otherwise known as the â€Å"tri-able either way† offences. However, before a case is sent to the Crown Court, the Magistrates Court shall first determine if the case is grave enough to warrant an indictment before the Crown. Jury participation is seen to have been gradually dissipated or eroded. Before 1927, a coroner’s inquests is participated by juries to determine if there is sufficient ground to indict the person accused of the crime of killing to stand trial-either for murder or manslaughter. However, jury participation in 1927 was to limited inquest cases and under the Coroners Act 19884, coroner’s jury shall be necessary only when there is reason to suspect a death occurred in prison; in police custody or as a result of police causing injury; which is reportable under separate legislation to a government department or officer or to the Health & Safety Executive; occurring in circumstances prejudicial to public health or safety; and in any other case where it appears to him that there is reason to do so. Under the guise of administration of law and speedy disposition of cases, trial by jury is restricted in minor of fences and this is advocated to favour the victims of more serious or heinous crimes. Jury participation was dispensed with under the proposed Counter-Terrorism Bill 2008 where the Home Office Secretary is empowered to create special inquests for reasons of national security or when public interest requires it. Although this provision was removed from the Counter-Terrorism Bill, it was included in the Coroners and Justice Act 2009. Jury trial has likewise been abolished in civil cases except for cases involving libel and false imprisonment as well as in the Domestic Violence Crime and Victims Act 2004.5 The first argument proffered by the government that trial by jury is a slow process is indeed valid considering that it involves jury selection, interpretation of the law and summation of evidence by the judge and ending with the deliberation of the jury to either acquit or convict however expediency should not sacrifice the right of the accused to be tried by his peers summoned to m ake an fair and impartial ruling. This is a substantial right which cannot be withdrawn at will by the government because this guarantees that the accused’

Sophies World Outline Essay Example for Free

Sophies World Outline Essay The idea that nothing can come from nothing is introduced. Sophie questions whether all things come from a basic element. She learned that things in nature are in a constant state of transformation. Is there a beginning of everything? What do you believe it to be?introduction: The idea that nothing can come from nothing is introduced. Sophie questions whether all things come from a basic element. She learned that things in nature are in a constant state of transformation. Is there a beginning of everything? What do you believe it to be? Yanotan Zelink I. event one A. Sophie receives a letter containing three new questions. Which she contemplates an entire day before getting another packet with a letter explaining to her that the philosophy course will be going from ancient Greek philosophy up to present day philosophy. B. She learns that the ancient Greeks believed the world was eternal. â€Å"The earliest Greek Philosophers are sometimes called natural philosophers because they were mainly concerned with the natural world and its processes† (30). So, they never asked about where it came from. Instead they were interested in the question of change. C. The Tao of Physics. II.event two A. The debate â€Å"what are we made of?† is raised. Early philosophers shared a belief that there had to be a certain basic substance at the root of all change. B. While some natural philosophers believed that everything was made of water, others believed they were made of air. â€Å"Earth, air, and fire were all necessary the creation of life† (33). C. Human-Aesthetic Perfection Song Lyrics. III.event three A. All Things Flow- â€Å"Everything is in constant flux and movement, nothing is abiding. Therefore we ‘cannot step twice into the river.’†(34)- Heraclitus B. Heraclitus states the world is made of opposites- we would not appreciate one thing if we did not experience the other. C. A Healthy Transformation by Dr. Jeffery McCombs. IV.conclusion A. As Sophie thinks about all of this, she concludes that one cannot learn philosophy. They can only learn how to think like a philosopher. V.journal questions A. If you were to come up with your own philosophy about life and what we’re made of, what would it be? Explain your philosophy. B. Other than physical aspects of a human, such as bones or basic elements, what would you say humans are made of emotionally or philosophically? Why? C. If there was only good in the world and no bad, how would it be and how would the outcome affect the world?

Why are walls important?

Why are walls important? Why are walls important? Walls are very important parts of buildings, they have several useful functions: * Protect us from dangerous animals and people * Provide shelter from elements such as wind and rain * Makes a ‘secure home * Bears the loads of the roofs, floors and furniture Block work Standard blocks are 6 times larger than standard bricks, this means that bricklayers can build the wall more quickly, therefore taking less time and reducing labouring costs. For the walls, the external walls will be cavity walls made from aerated concrete blocks and the internal walls will be made from dense concrete blocks. The reasons for these choices will be explained further on. What are and Aerated Concrete blocks and why I have chosen Duncan Marshall (2008) says that; Aerated blocks consist of water, cement, pulverised fuel ash, sand and lime. Aerated concrete blocks are very versatile as they can be used in many different parts of the building, such as party and solid walls, cavity walls (internal and external leaves) and foundations. We will be using Celcon aerated concrete blocks, which are BBA certified (British Board of Agrà ©ment, which is the UKs major authority offering approval of construction products). Sizes (in mm): 215 125 440 Reasons for using Aerated blocks for the inner and outer leaf: * Good thermal insulation (Thermal conductivity is 0.15W/mK, Thermal conductivity is the ability of a material to transmit heat, the lower the value the better) * Easy to handle for labourers/bricklayers, as theyre relatively lightweight and can be cut and chased * Closed cell structure means they have good water penetration resistance * Good fire protection Class O surface spread of flame (the best rating) * Non combustible * Relatively strong (Strength 3.6 N/mm ²) What are Dense Concrete blocks and Why I have chosen them? Dense concrete blocks consist of cement, aggregate (fine and coarse). We will be using Celcon Hi (7) Strength blocks. Sizes (in mm): 215 150 440 Reasons for using dense concrete blocks for the internal walls (party/solid walls): * Very strong (7.3N/ mm ²) * They provide a good surface for most renders and plasters * Good sound protection This is an illustration of a building regulation (part A) for the compressive strength needed of walls. For the external walls it will be a cavity wall comprising of aerated concrete blocks (7.2N/mm2), and the inner walls will be a solid wall of dense concrete blocks (7.3N/mm2). Height of wall Length Minimum thickness Not exceeding 3.5m Up to 12m 190mm for whole height Exceeding 3.5m but not 9m Not exceeding 9m 190mm for whole height 9m 12m 290mm from base for 1 storey and 190mm for remaining height Exceeding 9m but not 12m Not exceeding 9m 290mm from base for height of 1 storey and 190mm for rest of height Exceeding 9m but not 12m 290mm from base for the height of 2 storeys and 190mm for rest of height This is a table from the building regulations (Part A) about the thickness of walls. For our design, the internal and external walls both exceed 290mm, therefore the walls will have the correct thickness. Mortar Mortar is needed to bond the blocks together to provide stability for the wall, therefore building. It also seals gaps between the blocks to prevent water getting through the gaps when it rains. Blocks (aerated and dense) Duncan Marshall (2008) recommends our buildings will have a mortar ratio of 1:1:6 (cement: lime: sand). The reason for having a low amount of cement (cement provides the strength) compared to the sand (sand gives volume), is that making the mortar not that strong is so that it doesnt limit movement and will cause cracks in the joints rather than the concrete blocks. This mixture is recommended by a professional concrete company, therefore it wont be too weak, as then the mortar will fail. Jointing/pointing bucket_handle.gifAll of the buildings will have the bucket handle design. This is because Duncan Marshall (2008) says it helps seal the joint, also it compresses the mortar slightly and the shape improves resistance to water penetration. Walls Quoins Out of these three different types of bonding block work we will use 5 (reveal quoin), because its the most simple bond, therefore easier for bricklayers to build the wall, and reducing the likelihood of errors occurring. Also 3 bonding will be used if needed to keep the whole wall to the correct dimension. Cavity Walls For all our cavity walls in our buildings, they will be partial fill cavity walls. Kingspan Insulation says; one of its main advantages is that it prevents rain getting to the inner leaf, which would cause dampness in the walls, therefore weakening the walls. One disadvantage with partial fill cavity walls happens in the physical construction of the wall takes place, if the walls arent sealed completely, airflow in the wall leads to an enormous amount of heat loss within the wall (shown by red areas in 2). This can be caused by dirty ties and mortar snots, which are pieces of mortar which have dropped into the cavity, and cause moisture. 125 75 20 125 20 Block Cavity Insulation Plasterboard 365mm F . Cavity Walls Wall ties Duncan Marshall (2008) says; as we are having a partial fill cavity we have to use this special tie with plastic retainer. In the 2004 Regulations (Approved Document A) there is a requirement to use stainless steel ties. Building regulations says the tie should be bedded at least 50mm in each leaf. In terms of the tie angle, it should be slightly sloped toward the outside leaf; otherwise the other leaf will get damp. Cavity Walls Movement joints The materials that make up a wall will expand and contract because of reasons such as temperature and moisture content. Because concrete blocks are made of cement, they will shrink slightly. Therefore, the big sections of wall need to be shortened to accommodate for the movement, if movement joints are placed correctly, this will prevent the wall from cracking. Duncan Marshall (2008) says that the movement joints of internal concrete block walls should have movement joints approx every 6 metres, but the 1st joint should only be 3 metres away from a corner or bend in the wall. We will incorporate this into our designs. Cavity Walls- Jambs The blue line is the window Damp proof course prevents water penetration from the jamb of the window frame Cavity Walls Lintels Duncan Marshall (2008) say that the lintels carry the distributed load of brickwork across the top of the window frame. Lintels can be up to lengths of 4500mm and when constructed should have at least 150mm bearing on the wall either side. Lintel with insulation to prevent cold bridging, cold bridging happens when heat is lost from the inside of the building to the outside because the material (this case the lintel) is the ‘bridge for the heat loss. When the insulation is there, it has a higher thermal conductivity than the lintel (galvanised steel), so the heat ‘bridges to the insulation and not outside the building. 10 This is very important concept of insulation, that also applies to cavity and solid walls where insulation is used. Insulation External Walls Insulation boards are used to keep the heat within a room/building so that the living/working conditions are favourable. We will have WT20 insulation boards (size is 1200x600x20mm) from warmtiles.co.uk Board Sizes Thermal Conductivity (W/mK) Resistance (k-value) U-value (W/m ²K) Weight (kgs) 1200 x 600 x 20 mm 0.029 0.69 1.45 0.45 The U value is the amount of heat which will flow through 1 square metre of a wall for every degree in temperature difference between the inside and outside. Resistance is the resistance to heat flow of a material of a given thickness. Now I can calculate the U-value for the walls. U value for cavity walls (Thickness/Thermal Conductivity = Resistance) This transitions into weep holes; weep holes allow the water to exit the cavity. As we are only using blocks, we will use plastic weep holes that are placed every 450 mm. Weep holes, damp proof courses and the bucket handle mortar are excellent parts of the wall that allow it to prevent water penetration. Cavity Walls-Sills Cavity Walls joining cavity walls to internal walls This is how we will join the inner leaf to the internal walls, also where two internal walls (could be party walls) join, it will be toothed in. Walls Door and Window frames (Openings) The building regulation below specifies the sum of openings (w1+w2) shouldnt be more than 2/3 ‘L. Opening heights should be less than 2.1m, and the width less than 3m. This ensures the wall is not weakened significantly under compression by openings. We used this formula for a standard room (not disabled). Length of whole wall Door sizes Thickness= 40mm 2040 mm 826mm Windows A very common part of walls, and obligatory for accommodation buildings are windows. Window sizes (British Standard: 2003) 1050 mm 1800 mm *Purple segments are windows that open (white arrows indicate what direction they open), orange segments are fixed. This type of window is called ‘Left-hand multi light. Sound Control One of the functions of the walls is to control the airborne sounds, such as aeroplanes and cars travelling outside of the building. The internal walls will be made out of dense concrete blocks, as this provides good sound protection. Celcon aerated blocks also have just as good of a level of sound protection. Osbourn and Greeno (2007), say the Sound reduction index (SRI) is a way of measuring the effectiveness of construction insulating airborne sound. We will have a block cavity wall which is plastered, this has a SRI number of 49, and 150 mm dense concrete walls which have a SRI number of about 46. These are relatively acceptable SRI values to be used in construction. Finishes There are different finishes you can have for aerated concrete blocks; plastered, rendered and painted. For the outside of the external walls we will render the walls (10mm wide). For internal walls (dense concrete blocks) we will have plaster boards (20mm wide). Cement Rendering After the mortar and blocks are bonded, render will be applied. For our design we are using aerated concrete blocks for the external walls, therefore we should not use strong renders (Duncan Marshall, 2008), because when the dense mix shrinks, it will go past the limit of stress that the blocks can handle, therefore cracking will occur. Our building will have a very similar aesthetic appearance to this building (right), except for the colour. References David Littlefield, et al., 2008, Metric handbook, 3rd Edition, Duncan Marshall ,2008, Construction Website 0809 (unframed construction) http://learn.lboro.ac.uk/file.php/1183/UWE08/index.htm Dereck Osbourn and Roger Greeno, Mitchells Introduction to Building 4th Edition Julian McKenzie (Lectures) Sizes of concrete blocks http://www.sigexpress.co.uk/Aerated-Concrete-Blocks/Celcon-100mm-Standard-Block.htm Partial Fill Cavity Walls http://www.insulateonline.com/index1.htm?walls2.htm~main Insulation Boards http://www.warmtiles.co.uk/category.php?id_category=17 Analytical Essay: The Teaching Of Speaking Analytical Essay: The Teaching Of Speaking The theme of the research paper is The Teaching of Speaking. For the teacher it is very essential to know how to teach speaking foreign language correctly and to be able to do that. That is why there are several methods and manners how to give the knowledge in an easier manner to the students. The aim: To investigate what methods are used to teach speaking are used mostly and find out as many as possible teaching speaking methods. The enabling objectives: to find out and study theory on the teaching of speaking(mention the theme) to collect and summarize the gained data to draw conclusions The research question: Which methods are used to improve teaching the teaching of speaking? The methods of research: analysis of the theoretical material case study The tools of research and data collection: analysis of the teaching of speaking methods 1.THE TEACHING OF SPEAKING What is speaking? In fact, speaking is an action carrying out the information or expressing feelings and emotions, persons thoughts in spoken language. Speaking is also the process of building and sharing meaning through the use of verbal and non-verbal symbols, in a variety of contexts (Chaney, 1998, p. 13). By the teaching of speaking is meant to produce the English speech sounds and sound patterns, use word and sentence stress, intonation patterns and the rhythm of the language, select appropriate words and sentences according to the proper social setting, audience, situation and subject matter, organize their thoughts in a meaningful and logical sequence and use language as a means of expressing values and judgments (Online 2). 1.1Strategies for Developing Speaking Skills According to the internet source, students often think that the ability to speak a language is the product of language learning, but speaking is also an important part of the language learning process. Effective instructors teach students speaking strategies using minimal responses, recognizing scripts, and using language to talk about language (Online 1). These strategies can help students to enlarge their knowledge of language. If the students are confident in speaking, it would be more easier to receive the other information while learning. 1.1.1Using minimal responses Language learners who are not confident about their ability to participate successfully in oral disscussions often listen in silence while others do the talking. One way to encourage such learners to begin to participate is to help them build up a stock of minimal responses that they can use in different types of exchanges. Such responses can be especially useful for beginners (Online 1). Minimal responses are predictable, often idiomatic phrases that conversation participants use to indicate understanding, agreement, doubt, and other responses to what another speaker is saying. Having a stock of such responses enables a learner to focus on what the other participant is saying, without having to simultaneously plan a response (Online 1). 1.1.2Recognizing scripts Some communication situations are associated with a predictable set of spoken exchanges a script. Greetings, apologies, compliments, invitations, and other functions that are influenced by social and cultural norms often follow patterns or scripts. So do the transactional exchanges involved in activities such as obtaining information and making a purchase. In these scripts, the relationship between a speakers turn and the one that follows it can often be anticipated. Instructors can help students develop speaking ability by making them aware of the scripts for different situations so that they can predict what they will hear and what they will need to say in response. Through interactive activities, instructors can give students practice in managing and varying the language that different scripts contain. 1.1.3Using language to talk about language Language learners are often too embarrassed or shy to say anything when they do not understand another speaker or when they realize that a conversation partner has not understood them. Instructors can help students overcome this reticence by assuring them that misunderstanding and the need for clarification can occur in any type of interaction, whatever the participants language skill levels. Instructors can also give students strategies and phrases to use for clarification and comprehension check. By encouraging students to use clarification phrases in class when misunderstanding occurs, and by responding positively when they do, instructors can create an authentic practice environment within the classroom itself. As they develop control of various clarification strategies, students will gain confidence in their ability to manage the various communication situations that they may encounter outside the classroom. 1.2How to teach speaking According to the given internet sources, now many linguists and teachers consider that students can improve their communication and speaking skills working into groups together with other students and playing real-life situations in the target language. To achieve the goal of speaking well, the students need to improve their language fluency (speaking smoothly), pronunciation (saying words properly) and enunciation (saying words and phrases clearly) (Online 4). Fluency comes from practice. Every English speaking person cannot improve speaking smoothly in some two months, it comes after longer time. T o get to the aim, there should be made speech of long, complicated sentences. For example, to build more fluent speech, a helper could be discussions, presentations, role plays, negations, debates, interviews and meetings. Pronunciation is the ability to say words properly with the correct sounds in the correct places (Online 4). To make words sound correctly, it can take very long time to develop the pronunciation. As suggested in the internet source, the student should focus on working on specific vowels, trouble consonants, and working on understanding movement and location of mouth and tongue when making sounds (Online 4). In phonetics, enunciation is the act of speaking. Good enunciation is the act of speaking clearly and concisely (Online 5). If the enunciation of the speech is pure, others will not be able to understand speakers speech. To avoid misunderstandings in the communication towards others, according to the internet sources, the student should pay attention to trouble word combinations, reductions, sentence and word level stress points and sentence level intonation patterns. 2.WHICH TEACHING METHODS ARE MORE PREFERABLE FOR STUDENTS THEMSELVES If there were a questionnaire, the aim of it would be to clear up which of the teaching methods are more understandable and useful for the students themselves. No one can answer to this question more precise and honestly as the students. CONCLUSIONS The teaching of speaking means that the teacher gives the knowledge to the student how to communicate with others, to produce sounds, words correctly and clearly, to use precisely intonation patterns, to choose appropriate themes which to speak to the proper social setting and audience. There are a lot of teaching methods which can be used in the teaching process, but, in my opinion, more preferable methods are those who are easier and understandable for the students. For instance, to make your speech more fluent and clearer, it can be enough to read articles with complicated vocabulary and sentence structure aloud every day. Rounding up, if the teacher is teaching in a simple manner and understandable for students. THESIS Speaking is an action carrying out the information or expressing feelings and emotions, persons thoughts in spoken language. Many linguists and teachers consider that students can improve their communication and speaking skills working into groups together with other students and playing real-life situations in the target language. To build more fluent speech, a helper could be discussions, presentations, role plays, negations, debates, interviews and meetings. Fluency comes from practice. Every English speaking person cannot improve speaking smoothly in some two months, it comes after longer time. Effective instructors teach students speaking strategies using minimal responses, recognizing scripts, and using language to talk about language.

Separation of Online Communities :: Argumentative Persuasive Papers

Separation of Online Communities On January 10 of 2003, I struggled with an inorganic chemistry homework problem on entropy before the night of my exam. I logged on to an inorganic chemistry forum. This forum is similar to the structure of a classroom. The forum is popular among two types of members, instructors and students. The students post their homework, and the instructors answer the questions posted by the students. The average number of posts in that site is 30 per day. The forum is extremely popular and continuously filled with questions and requests for help with homework. I was hoping that someone knew the answer to my question and would respond to me before my exam. I therefore posted: â€Å"Rank the following element in decrease entropy, Al(s), Ba(s), Hg (l), H2 (g), HBr (g), Thanks for your help I would like to know the answer of this A.S.A.P because my exam is tomorrow morning.† Within an hour I received this response from Professor Helmenstine, the administrator of the site, also a professor in chemistry department: The order should be HBr (g), H2 (g), Hg (l), Ba(s), Al(s). An ordered state has a low probability of occurring and low entropy. A disordered state has a high probability of occurring and high entropy. Gas has the highest entropy because it is more disordered than any other element. And solid is in the most ordered state; therefore it has the lowest entropy. I know this is the first time you posted but I must inform you that integrity is essential in this site’s posting. I recommend you follow your school’s honor codes and not attempt to get any unauthorized aid from this site. Please check out this site’s regulation page and please follow the rules of this site. I hope that I helped and good luck on your exam.† (Helmenstine) I was delighted that I was able to receive help from a forum. After all, the online communities are similar to what Rheingold stated in his article â€Å"Virtual Community.† â€Å"In the summer of 1986, my then-two-year-old daughter picked up a tick. There was this blood-bloated thing suck on our baby’s scalp, and we weren’t quiet sure how to go about getting it off. Separation of Online Communities :: Argumentative Persuasive Papers Separation of Online Communities On January 10 of 2003, I struggled with an inorganic chemistry homework problem on entropy before the night of my exam. I logged on to an inorganic chemistry forum. This forum is similar to the structure of a classroom. The forum is popular among two types of members, instructors and students. The students post their homework, and the instructors answer the questions posted by the students. The average number of posts in that site is 30 per day. The forum is extremely popular and continuously filled with questions and requests for help with homework. I was hoping that someone knew the answer to my question and would respond to me before my exam. I therefore posted: â€Å"Rank the following element in decrease entropy, Al(s), Ba(s), Hg (l), H2 (g), HBr (g), Thanks for your help I would like to know the answer of this A.S.A.P because my exam is tomorrow morning.† Within an hour I received this response from Professor Helmenstine, the administrator of the site, also a professor in chemistry department: The order should be HBr (g), H2 (g), Hg (l), Ba(s), Al(s). An ordered state has a low probability of occurring and low entropy. A disordered state has a high probability of occurring and high entropy. Gas has the highest entropy because it is more disordered than any other element. And solid is in the most ordered state; therefore it has the lowest entropy. I know this is the first time you posted but I must inform you that integrity is essential in this site’s posting. I recommend you follow your school’s honor codes and not attempt to get any unauthorized aid from this site. Please check out this site’s regulation page and please follow the rules of this site. I hope that I helped and good luck on your exam.† (Helmenstine) I was delighted that I was able to receive help from a forum. After all, the online communities are similar to what Rheingold stated in his article â€Å"Virtual Community.† â€Å"In the summer of 1986, my then-two-year-old daughter picked up a tick. There was this blood-bloated thing suck on our baby’s scalp, and we weren’t quiet sure how to go about getting it off.

Alzheimer Disease Not Just Memory Loss

Alchemist's Disease: Not Just Memory Loss Introduction Memory loss is like an old age where it is a condition which mankind has always reluctantly recognized and always – with resignation. Memory loses are sometimes trivial and meaningless and go unrecognized. However, when these losses are so great that a person does not know who or where they are the concerns are quite grave. Although It Is realize that Alchemist's disease destroys the brain memory function, many do not realize precisely how the memory is destroyed once one is aware of the process; it becomes faster to work forward to alleviate the destruction.Walkout memory there Is no knowledge to recreate or reproduce past perception, emotions, thoughts and actions that are so vital to live a full and functioning life. Memory is the key that unlocks doors that keep us functioning, not only mentally but physically. Discussion As a new era dawns upon us many people find themselves asking the question; â€Å"What is Alchemi st's Disease? † Alchemist's Disease today affects almost all people in some way. Since the amount of lives this disease affects continues to increase epidemiologists have named Alchemist's Disease, â€Å"The Disease tot the Century†. Edwardian, 2007, IPPP-362) In 1906 a German neurologist Allis Alchemies performed a neurological autopsy on a 56-year-old woman who had suffered deteriorating mental health for many years before her death. Alchemies noticed a disorientation of nerve cells in her cerebral cortex, the area of the brain responsible for controlling memory and reasoning. There were two oddities he found. The first was an accumulation of cellular debris surrounding the nerves he called this senile plaque. The second oddity were groups of nerves that were bunched and twisted he called this neurotically tangles.In the following years as more autopsies were inducted the same oddities that were found in 1906 were found in patients displaying the same symptoms. At tha t time a prestigious German psychiatrist, Emil Grapnel, proposed naming the disease In honor of Its discoverer Also Alchemies. (First 2008, #6-88) Alchemist's Disease American's Disease is a chronic brain disorder that destroys one's ability to reason, remember, imagine and learn. The disease Is also known as â€Å"senile dementia† or â€Å"pre-senile dementia†. Dementia refers to the lost tot mental health. The term â€Å"senile† meaner old. Pre-Senile† refers to those patients less than 65 years of Lesions on brain cells that take the form of senile plaques and neurotically age. Tangles cause Alchemist's Disease. Healthy brain tissue is normally arranged in an organized pattern These knots and tangles throw the brain into mass confusion taking over and destroying healthy brain tissue. This causes the brain cells to stop functioning. Recently a protein Taut NAS been discovered in these tangles and knots This protein is found in healthy brain cells, but is found in much larger quantities surrounding areas affected by this disease.Other ailments have been linked to the onset of the disease. These include head trauma, problems with the immune system, blood cancer, thyroid problems and Downs Syndrome. Stages of Alchemist's Disease There are four distinct stages of progression. The progression of Alchemist's can take from three to fourteen years. This time span is based on the time from diagnosis to death. All patients go through these stages Just at different rates. The first stage of Alchemist's the patient experiences a slowing down of many factors of behavior. They have less energy, slow to learn new things, and their reaction time decreases.Patients experience only mild forgetfulness of recent events, familiar people and places. They have a decrease in Judgment, and trust. Also, they become increasingly stubborn and restless. Many people are unaware of the presence of a disease because frequently memory loss is common in the elderly due to fatigue or a period of sickness. (Gel, 2006, Pl 393-1400) In the second stage the patient becomes increasingly forgetful and has more trouble recalling recent occurrences. They have difficulty in skills such as decision making, planning and Judgment.The patient's speech and comprehension become much slower and often loose their train of thought often. They are usually able to complete common tasks but need assistance with more complicated ones. They must be given clear and repeated instructions by caregivers. Victims start to become aware of illness and become depressed, irritable, restless, and socially withdrawn. In the third stage Alchemies patients loose all ability to recognize familiar people and places. They have trouble completing simple everyday tasks like eating, bathing, getting dressed and using the toilet.They lack interest in personal hygiene and loose all sexual instincts. They have difficulty communicating verbally. Patients are easily agitated and deny they are ill. The fourth stage of Alchemist's Disease is the stage that ultimately leads to death. Patients are unable to recognize themselves and close family members. They become bedridden; and only slight useless movements are made. The only way of communication they use is screaming out. Diagnosis of Alchemist's Disease Diagnosis of this disease is very difficult. Doctors are only 100% certain of the presence of the disease from autopsies after death.Diagnosis is based on the lodgment of physicians and their experience with Alchemist's Disease. Current accuracy of correct diagnosis is 90%. Recently they have discovered a way to test the level of Taut protein; this has helped with correct diagnosis. Sometimes mental tests are run to test the memory, learning skills, language skills, and the ability to follow instructions. (Harmon, 2005, Pl 55-187) Many people also question the heredity of the disease. It has been found that some forms of the disease are hereditary. The â€Å"Pre-Seni le† Alchemist's which usually sets on in a person around 40, 50 years of age is found to be hereditary.There are three types of genetic proteins that have been inked to Alchemies patient's pollinate E, E, and E. Those who inherit E have a higher chance of developing the disease. One scientist, Barbara Talon, has discovered the tissue found in the upper nose goes through the same changes that the cerebral cortex tissue goes through. She plans on tinning oh it t t his tissue taunt in the nose deteriorates at the same rate of that found in Alchemies patients. If so this could lead to the early diagnosis of Alchemist's. Treatment of Alchemist's Disease Currently treatment is focusing on slowing progressions and coping with symptoms.One drug, THAT, is a drug that helps to boost levels of acetylene's, a chemical that is involved in memory. Two FDA approved drugs being tested are Tactile and O'Donnell these drugs are also to help memory. Although, these drugs cause side affects, O'Do nnell is found to cause nausea, cramps and lose of appetite. Estrogen for women has been found to have a positive affect on Alchemies patients mental decline. It helps memory, language skills, and the ability to concentrate. Nicotine has also been found to slow the formation of senile plaque, improve memory, learning and concentration.Doctors do not suggest this use of treatment at all; nicotine causes lung cancer, emphysema, high blood pressure, heart attacks and strokes. Currently 4 million people in America have been diagnosed with Alchemist's Disease. It is projected with the aging â€Å"Baby Boomers† that 14 million people will be diagnosed in the upcoming years. (Sails, 2008, app-43) Drugs to Aid in the Treatment There are currently two drugs to aid in the treatment of Alchemist's disease. These drugs are only effective during the first couple years of the disease. The drugs are called Cogent and Airiest.Both of these drugs work by increasing a chemical in he brain that works with memory. They do not cure the disease, but they do produce some improvement in patients. This disease is obviously a horrible one. It can rip a family apart, and there is nothing that can be done about it. Hopefully, one day a cure will be found, but in the mean time, Alchemies ¤? ¬was disease has total control over a person who is afflicted with it. It also has control over the family of the person afflicted with it. Almost everyone in this country has some sort of tie to this disease, and this is why more research should be done in hopes of finding a cure.This asses affects 10% of those over 65 years old and 50% of those over the age of 85. One-Half of those living in nursing homes are living with Alchemist's. Seven out of 10 patients live at home; family members care for 75% of them; the other 25% of them are cared for by hired caregivers. It has also been found that 55% of caregivers show some signs of depression. Alchemist's occurs more often in women and in Afri can Americans or Hispanics. (Sloane, 2007, app-132) Alchemist's Disease – A Costly Disease Alchemist's Disease is a very costly disease; it is the third most costly disease after heart conditions and cancer.In 1998 the U. S. Government spent approximately $90 billion on medical care and $400 billion to research. This disease costs a family $174,000 a year on care giving and another $42,000 a year on nursing homes. Medicare is a retirement benefit to those over 65 years old. Medicare does cover some the costs to provide help to the patient such as nursing homes. The extent of help varies by state. When seeking help people find themselves asking, â€Å"Where should I go? † â€Å"When should I go? † When you tell that a Tamil member may nave the disease or in need of mental attention you should first see you family physician.The physician will determine if they believe the problem to be Alchemist's. You should also bring medical records and a list of all medication the patient is on because certain medications or the combinations of medications may resemble Alchemist's. In every community there are services offered to assist those people affected by Alchemist's, for patients, family and caregivers. The Illness And The Caregivers Alchemist's disease affects the person with the illness and the caregivers. It is estimated that 1-4 people are caregivers. The disease has a long duration which impacts more on the caregivers.It can cause a great deal of emotional stress to caregivers. It also has a financial impact on those who provide care for patients suffering from Alchemist's disease. It is estimated that the national costs of caring for patients with Alchemist's disease is $100 billion. It can also indirectly cause loss productivity, absenteeism and worker replacement. (Edwardian, 2007, IPPP-362) Many people with Alchemist's disease do well at home during the initial stages. However eventually there is the need for long term care facilities. Lo ng term care is defined as help from family and friends.It can also mean regular visits by home health aides. It might also mean moving the patient to an assisted or nursing home that can provide twenty four medical attentions. There are two major types of long term facilities for Alchemies disease patients. One of them is Nursing home which provides room and board with twenty four hour skilled care. A licensed nurse provides this type of care. There are special units for people with Alchemist's disease. The environments, activities, philosophy of care and staff training are based upon the needs of Alchemist's disease patients.Nursing homes usually have rained and supportive staff who have knowledge about how to adjust to the patient. They have information about each patient to individualize care and to eliminate behavioral symptoms. There are special activities which reduce anxiety and agitation. A nursing home has pleasing sights, sounds and smells. They also have a low noise leve l and non glare lighting. Some facilities also have security measures to prevent wandering. Another type of long term facility is assisted living. This type of facility is suitable for people who require personal care and general guidance but do not require any specialized medical care.They are good for people with moderate functional impairment. This type of long term care promotes self direction and participation in decisions. It also focuses on independence, privacy and dignity. It attempts to create a home based environment. It is an attractive option for patients who seek assistance and independence at the same time. (First, 2008, app-88) Conclusion In conclusion Alchemist's disease is a very serious condition that affects many people. They do not know what causes this disease or why people get it, due to the fact that there is a chance for anyone to get this disease.People must take recreation and seek the advice of healthcare professionals to be tested for this disease. This way they have a chance to go on living there lives for as long as possible. If they do not seek care then they have a lesser chance of living a longer life. Obviously, knowledge regarding Alchemist's disease has progressed far from thinking that it is Just a loss tot memory. Choosing the best type tot long term care can be difficult for caregivers. Assisted living facilities are the best option for people with early stages of the disease. Nursing home facilities are best for patients who suffer from advanced stages of the disease.This disease produces a full-blown dementia in its patients and affects millions of people and their families. These people and their families have special needs. Consequently, programs, environments, and care approaches must reflect this uniqueness. Developing an effective care/service plan for a person with dementia requires careful assessment of that person, a detailed plan, and attention to the individualized needs of persons with dementia. Alchemist's disease can cause emotional and financial stress to the patient and the caregivers. However there are many choices available which can improve the quality of life.

Re-Election Rates for Members of Congress

Re-Election Rates for Members of Congress The re-election rate for members of Congress is exceptionally high considering how unpopular the institution is in the eyes of the public. If youre looking for steady work, you might consider running for office yourself; job security is especially strong for members of the House of Representatives even though a significant portion of the electorate supports terms limits.   How often do members of Congress actually lose an election? Not very. Almost Certain to Keep Their Jobs Incumbent members of the House seeking re-election are all but assured re-election. The re-election rate among all 435 members of the House has been as high as 98 percent in modern history, and its rarely dipped below  90 percent.   The late Washington Post political columnist David Broder referred to this phenomenon as incumbent lock and blamed gerrymandered congressional districts for eliminating any notion of competition in general elections.   But there are other reasons the re-election rate for members of Congress is so high. With wide name recognition, and usually an insurmountable advantage in campaign cash, House incumbents typically have little trouble holding onto their seats, explains the Center for Responsive Politics, a nonpartisan watchdog group in Washington. In addition, there are other built-in protections for congressional incumbents: the ability to regularly mail flattering newsletters to constituents at taxpayer expense under the guise of constituent outreach and to earmark money for pet projects in their districts. Members of Congress who raise money for their colleagues are also rewarded with large amounts of campaign money for their own campaigns, making even more difficult to unseat incumbents. So how difficult is it?  Ã‚   List of Re-Election Rates For House Members By Year Heres a look at the re-election rates for members of the House of Representatives going back to the 1900 congressional election. On only four occasions did more than 20 percent of incumbents seeking re-election actually lose their races. The most recent such election was in 1948, when Democratic presidential nominee Harry S. Truman campaigned against a do-nothing Congress. The wave election resulted in a massive turnover in Congress, one that rewarded Democrats with 75 more seats in the House. Prior to that, the only  election that resulted in a substantial ouster of incumbents was in 1938, amid a recession and soaring unemployment. Republicans picked up 81 seats in Democratic President Franklin Roosevelts  midterm election. Take note that some of the lowest re-election rates occur in the midterm elections. The political party whose president occupies the White House often sustains large losses in the House. In 2010, for example, the re-election rate for members of the House dipped to 85 percent; it was two years after Democrat Barack Obama was elected president. His party lost a whopping 52 seats in the House in 2010.   Re-election Rates for House Members Election Year Percentage of Incumbents Re-elected 2018 91% 2016 97% 2014 95% 2012 90% 2010 85% 2008 94% 2006 94% 2004 98% 2002 96% 2000 98% 1998 98% 1996 94% 1994 90% 1992 88% 1990 96% 1988 98% 1986 98% 1984 95% 1982 91% 1980 91% 1978 94% 1976 96% 1974 88% 1972 94% 1970 95% 1968 97% 1966 88% 1964 87% 1962 92% 1960 93% 1958 90% 1956 95% 1954 93% 1952 91% 1950 91% 1948 79% 1946 82% 1944 88% 1942 83% 1940 89% 1938 79% 1936 88% 1934 84% 1932 69% 1930 86% 1928 90% 1926 93% 1924 89% 1922 79% 1920 82% 1918 85% 1916 88% 1914 80% 1912 82% 1910 79% 1908 88% 1906 87% 1904 87% 1902 87% 1900 88% Resources and Further Reading â€Å"Reelection Rates Over the Years.† OpenSecrets.org, The Center for Responsive Politics. Huckabee, David C. â€Å"Reelection Rates of House Incumbents: 1790-1994.† Congressional Research Service, the Library of Congress, 1995.

Financial Outcomes Paper Essays - IOS, ITunes, Videotelephony

Financial Outcomes Paper Essays - IOS, ITunes, Videotelephony Financial Outcomes Paper Financial Outcomes Paper FIN/419 May 11, 2015 Maria Johnson Financial Outcomes Paper Apple Inc. is one of the most well-known and popular Fortune 500 companies in the world. Through their constant innovation One of Apples current financial initiatives revolves around sales. In order to continually fuel company growth, Apples CEO Tim Cook has developed an initiative to release new products and services into the market place in 2015. According to "Apple Reports Fourth Quarter Results" (2014), With the amazing innovations in our new iPhones, iPads and Macs, as well as iOS 8 and OS X Yosemite, we are heading into the holidays with Apples strongest product lineup ever. We are also incredibly excited about Apple Watch and other great products and services in the pipeline for 2015 (para. 3). Learning Team C will compare and contrast the three potential financial outcomes of this new initiative. Our team will determine the most likely outcome and discuss the possible positive and negative effects on Apples organization. Financial Outcome 1: Effects of Increase in Sales An increase in sales is obviously the ideal situation for Apple to be in. Sales going up means the company is doing what it should be doing in terms of making money. This positive outcome is not without its drawbacks, however. Making more money only means that more product is being consumed by the consumer, which in turn means that more product must be produced to meet demand. This situation is something that Apple is very well prepared for. Being a large Fortune 500 corporation such as Apple means that money is no object when it comes to making more money. A corporation that will not spend money to make money is one that is limiting its growth and shortening its horizons. Luckily for Apple and its stockholders, such is not the case for them. The business has shown a willingness time and time again to be a daring, innovative and exploratory leader in the world of technology and electronics. These devices are excellent for making money in both the personal use world as well as busines s use. According to Wakabayashi (2014) The popularity of the iPhone and iPad among employees is promoting corporate tech managers to rewrite policies and change traditional buying patterns. The iPhone has replaced the BlackBerry as the mobile phone of choice, as the iPad assumes tasks once reserved for PCs (p. 1). Since the third quarter of 2013, the financial reports show the per share price to be consistently on the rise after being retroactively adjusted to reflect the stock split. Prices have increased from $55.01 $66.54 in the 2013 third quarter to $92.09 - $103.74 in the fourth quarter of 2014. With increases like this it stands to reason that the iPods, iPads and iPhones produced by Apple are only gaining momentum in terms of popularity and profitability. The Apple Watch will likely become the next big product that Apple makes a substantial profit from, adding to the docket another big money maker to sweeten the pot for the corporation. Apple also makes a considerable amount of its gains in the service industry, through programs like iTunes that pair with their devices ingeniously to help the company become even more profitable. With Apple's track record and patterns of success, there is no reason to believe that they will not continue to add other successful products and services to th eir available arsenal and further dominate the technological industry. Financial Outcome 2: Decrease in Sales of Apple Products A decrease in sales would raise some red flags within the Apple organization. A decrease in sales could mean a couple of different things. It could mean a product is not reaching its targeting audience, or it could mean that the features of the technology is replaced by a newer, faster software. Either way a decrease in sales should force the company to look within to try to pinpoint the product or service that is not performing to par. Once identified, a quick resolution can be implemented to recover sales. There can be many factors

Present Progressive vs. Present Participle Verb Forms

Present Progressive vs. Present Participle Verb Forms Though both end in -ing, the present participle form of a verb isnt the same as the present progressive aspect. These terms can be a little confusing, but the verb forms themselves should be familiar: we use them all the time in speaking and writing. What They Are What is a present participle?The present participle is a verb form (made by adding -ing to the base) that can do the job of an adjective: Carl signed up for the singing competition.  (Note that singing modifies the noun competition.)   But wait,  as the infomercials say:  theres more that it can do! What is the present progressive aspect?The present progressive aspect is a  verb  construction made up of a present form of the verb  to be  plus  . . . a  present participle: Carl is singing his heart out.  (Note that the present tense is signaled by is, not by the participle singing.)  The progressive  usually conveys a sense of ongoing action (and is sometimes called the present continuous). What They Do A present participle by itself cant serve as the main verb of a sentence. For instance, Sadie, tapping her cane to the music is incomplete. In this example, tapping begins a present participial phrase that tells us something about the noun Sadie. One way to make this word group into a sentence is by adding a subject  (I) and a predicate  (remember): I remember Sadie, tapping her cane to the music.  But theres another way to turn this fragment into a complete sentence. A verb in the present progressive aspect may itself serve as the predicate of a sentence: Sadie is tapping her cane to the music. As weve seen, the present progressive is used for continuing activities- that is, for actions taking place at the moment of speaking and for actions that go on for a short period of time. A Quick Review We could easily have a sentence that contains both a present participial phrase (tapping her cane to the music) and a main verb in the present progressive (is singing): Tapping her cane to the music, Sadie is singing loudly and out of key. In this sentence, tapping is a present participle (unaccompanied by a form of the verb to be) while is singing (a form of the verb to be plus a present participle) serves as the main verb in the present progressive aspect. A Little Practice For each of the sentences below, decide if the -ing word is simply a present participle serving as an adjective or part of a present progressive construction. Youll find the answers at the end of the exercise. The clown is crying.The children laugh at the crying clown.A flying squirrel landed on the porch rail.Stray dogs are barking tonight, and the Rowland boy is lighting firecrackers.Our neighbors barking dog keeps us awake at night.  The Hendersons are moving to the mountains of Washington state.Happiness, Kinky said, is a moving target: were not happy until youre not happy. Answers: 1. present progressive (is crying); 2. present participle (crying clown); 3. present participle (flying squirrel); 4. present progressive (are barking and is lighting); 5. present participle (barking dog); 6. present progressive (are moving); 7. present participle (moving target)

Memos and Email Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Memos and Email - Essay Example We understand that this explanation will not return all the investments made to you and your family members, but in order to avoid such dramatic mistakes we are obliged to trace all such cases. Human factor was a major reason of this mistake. It blackened you rest at our hotel, and please accept my apologies for it. As the general manager of Colonnade Hotel and Resort I am responsible for all the failures of my employees and I deeply regret that professionalism absence brought such a discomfort to your family. It will be a great lesson to our hotel, and I will do my best in order to confirm that such incidents will not repeat in our hotel. In order to somehow correct our mistake I on behalf of our company invite you to return to the hotel where all necessary changes were made in order to guarantee you the most comfortable rest. We have booked one of the best rooms for you and your family in hope that this will help you to change your mind about our service. We will also provide you with a discount in 20 % for the whole period of stay. We will guarantee that your rest will be perfect till the day of check-out. I ensure you that your comfort as a priority of Colonnade Hotel and Resort will be under my close supervision this time and our staff will do its best to restore the good name of the company. We have made all necessary preparations to make sure that you holiday will be interesting and exciting, thus we have booked an additional trip for your family to the neighborhood village where you will be able to enjoy a special dinner in one of the best restaurants in the town. We hope you will accept our proposition and I assure you that you will not regret. Sometimes peoples` mistakes have unexpected but unpleasant consequences, but we value our every client and want to make sure that it will never happen again. This is to inform you that the unpleasant case with overbooking

Whatever you choose Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 2

Whatever you choose - Essay Example All these units are arranged in hierarchical manner with specific responsibilities as well as tasks which they are obliged to carry out so as to maintain Nokia at its extreme levels of performance. In addition to the above information, it is important for one to know the role played by each unit that makes up Nokia organizational structure. Principally, the responsibility of managing all the operations of Nokia lies in the hands of the Group Executive Board of Nokia. The Chairman together with other members of the group is elected into their respective positions by the Board of Directors. The â€Å"devices† unit on the other hand carries the role of developing in addition to managing the portfolio of mobile devices that are produced for consumers. The â€Å"services† unit designs and develops Internet services that enable people to enjoy using mobile devices and the web. The â€Å"solutions† unit provides solutions to complications related to mobile devices, personalized devices as well as content integrated to consumers’ package. The â€Å"markets† unit is given the responsibility of ensuring that supply chains, brand, and marketing takes place successfully. It is also responsible for supplying devices, offering services as well as solutions to the consumers. Like other units, Corporate Developing unit plays very significant roles. â€Å"It offers operational support devices, services, solutions, and markets† (â€Å"Organizational Structure of Nokia Company†). Corporate Developing is also responsible for not only exploring corporate strategies, but also future growth opportunities for Nokia. Additionally, â€Å"Nokia-Siemens Network† is a unit of Nokia that carries the role of providing wireless along foxed network infrastructure communications in addition to networks service platforms. This unit also offers professional services both operators and service providers. Lastly but not least, NAVTEQ leads in providing comprehensive digital map data that

Ch12,13,and 14 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Ch12,13,and 14 - Essay Example Closely associated with a production oriented leader is the concept of a transformational and the counter, transactional leadership. Transformational leadership involves an individual causing change on followers, and on the other hand a transactional leader entails transactions between the leader and the followers. Activities such as punishment and rewarding of the junior employees mark the personality trait of a transactional leader, whereas the transformational leader is very innovative. The assessment results on the level of building and leading a team can predict the strength on transformative or transactional leadership approach. The score from the test is 88 out of a maximum score of 100, implying the second quartile. For a percentage that is 95 and above, the assessment test could have predicted a transformational leader, but from the test results, the prediction shows an obvious inclination towards a transactional leadership. Despite the different perceptions of leadership, there are certain theorists who argue that leadership is inherent in people. In fact to understand leadership, the following five bases of power becomes key; legitimacy, reward, expert, referent and coercive (Schermerhorn et al, 6). A personal analysis confirms the fourth, and this means that I do attract and worth and acknowledge the respect of other people. A score of 23 out of a maximum score of 100 shows a poor conflict handling style. This implies that what of interest is winning the conflict rather than negotiation and compromise. Additionally, accommodation would be the best way of handling the conflicting situations. Contrary to the test assessment results I am an accommodating person and probably the results predicted inaccurate results on a personal conflict handling situations. In professional circumstances just as in personal conflict situations, I

Wimm-Bill-Dann in Russian Market Research Paper

Wimm-Bill-Dann in Russian Market - Research Paper Example By the end of 1999 the wages of common people tumbled by 30% and their pensions by 45% in value. These factors had a cascading effect on the economy resulting in high fuel and grain prices, which coupled with inefficient agricultural production that almost halved livestock rendered supply of raw milk the weakest link in the supply chain for the dairy industry. While it was estimated that 35%-80% of a family budget was spent on food, the economic situation in the country demanded that producers keep their prices low. The other factors that had a bearing on competitive rivalry were access to financial resources, wider product range and efficient distribution. This in turn meant tight management controls on production and distribution costs especially to reach produce to regions where the purchasing power was lower than in cities like Moscow. Sources of competition (Five forces): Before WBD arrived on the scene the Russian dairy sector was either regional or city-centred. They were making packaged milk, kefir (a fermented dairy drink), soured cream, butter, cream, and cottage cheese. The packaging technologies available to the small players were not able to provide long shelf life and limited their geographical reach. As the regional dairies were catering to markets as far away as 500 miles, under utilisation of production facilities, high logistics and distribution costs pushed up the prices. The economic crash of 1998 and the erosion of the rouble made the consumer highly price sensitive. WBD spotted a business opportunity in the situation. By expanding its product range and longer storage facilities the company felt that it could reach wider markets, offer low prices and utilise business opportunities offered by a liberalised economy. WBD actively pursued the policy of regional expansion, expanded its product portfolio and continuous advertising helped the company capture 30% each in the national dairy and juices markets. The situation also prompted western companies to relocate their production facilities to Russia in order to trim costs and be able to compete there. Therefore during this period the company had to contend with the entry of new international players such as Campina, Danone, Erhmann and Parmalat. WBD relied on branding, quality control, expanding product range and continued diversification as the strategy for fighting competition. The recovery of the economy in the new millennium saw changing trends in consumers becoming wealthier, more westernised, inclined to spend more and demanding high end products. Consumers began demanding healthy diets, more products with biologically active ingredients, special product lines for children with various multi-vitamin and other supplements. SWOT: As WBD set its sights on becoming the nation's leading food producer early on the company had a head start on competition. The company began implementing the idea by a multi-pronged strategy: product development, distribution, quality control, packaging, marketing and geographical expansion beyond Russia's borders into other CIS countries like Kyrgyzstan and

Manufacturing process Lab Report Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Manufacturing process - Lab Report Example Stroke is the length of travel of rod or piston. Combustion chamber volume is the total of each combustion chamber expressed in cubic centimeters. Deck height volume is obtained from getting the area between the top of the piston and the top of the block when the piston is at the top of the stroke. Head gasket volume is part of the overall cylinder volume. Sweep volume is the displacement of one cylinder. Constant volume is considered the volume into which the swept volume is compressed on each compression stroke. The existing layout consists of a water pump, an alternator and a vibration of damper or there is sometimes the use of crank shaft pulleys. This is done along with the belt tensioner and idler pulley. The design which was used in the manufacture is that which was from the benchmark helping in communication of the components that are in the structure. In proposal that was made on the structure, there exist five numbers of pulleys and a 4PK belt. Auto tensioner that is used in the system is removed and the tensioning that occurs is provided by the alternator and its mounting bracket which functions as the manual tensioning device. The alternator that is used is that which is reduced capacity alternator suiting the requirement of the application motorcycle. The system contains a slot in the upper part and can be supported in its bottom to the alternator mounting bracket. The motion in the support provides the tensioning of the belt. There is an alternative process that can be used in the manufacturing of the system. In the alternative manufacture, there is reduction in the number of pulleys to three with only the water pump, the vibration damper and alternator. In the alternative process, there is use of the same arrangements for tension of the belt. The difference that occurs in the two models is the direction of rotation of the water pumps to clockwise from anticlockwise. Analysis that was carried out in camshaft was mainly on the

Community Solutions Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Community Solutions - Research Paper Example According to European standards, the categories of people who have been considered as poor have been â€Å"1. the long term unemployed and the young unemployed, 2. the elderly, 3, single parent families, 4. second generation migrants, 5. refugees and returning minors, 6. marginal groups- e.g. gypsies, travellers, homeless, 7. underpriveleged urban districts, 8. impoverished rural areas† (Cullen, 5). The American definition for 2011 is that â€Å"for a family of four including two adults and two children, total yearly income has to be below $22,350, to be called poor as is given in the US Department of Health and Human Services website. While addressing the issues that the poor people face, as members of the subculture of poverty, one major concern has always been the physical eradication of poverty and its negative manifestations which lives of the poor people miserable. Community development is universally accepted as the most effective method to address poverty and its prob lems. The community development program of 1980s in Ireland was a landmark in the history of the fight against poverty (Cullen, 11). Cullen, in his study on nine poverty elimination projects implemented in Ireland, has revisited the methods and strategies followed by various organizations and agencies who participated in these projects and has concluded that â€Å"community development is a process that deliberately activates, encourages and supports groups of people to participate in collective action in pursuit of common interests, and which contributes to social justice and equity† (Cullen, 11). During the John-Nixon era, in the US, â€Å"community action programs† were abundant and quite popular (Joseph, 49). Though they set the stage for the emergence of a welfare state, they were also criticized as capable of only peripherally addressing the issues of poverty (Patterson, 146). Notwithstanding these opposing viewpoints regarding community solutions to the subcultu re of poverty, the global intellectual discourses have always seen community solutions as the most viable way out (Cullen, Joseph, FAO and Gaiha). The best available community solution to the subculture of poverty will be to set up community level revolving funds partially sponsored by the government and partially by the industrial houses of the country. To raise the funds, the government will have to introduce a special tax of 0.1% of the profit, on the corporate companies, which have a profit margin above a fixed ceiling. These funds along with a government contribution will then be transferred to the local authorities to be utilized for ensuring a minimum of 200 days’ work for all those able-bodied persons who have been listed as poor. The form of work has to be fixed at local level, by the local administration in consultation with the community leaders, and according to the local resources available and prevailing local conditions and necessities. For example, if in a pla ce having water scarcity, the work has to be provided in water conservation activities, which can contribute to the local economy in a productive way. And the newly generated water could be given back into the community at a reasonable cost. Similarly, in an area where the major vocation is agriculture, work can be provided in community-level agro-processing industries. This solution will have to involve â€Å"massive commitments of Federal funds†

Wimm-Bill-Dann in Russian Market Research Paper

Wimm-Bill-Dann in Russian Market - Research Paper Example By the end of 1999 the wages of common people tumbled by 30% and their pensions by 45% in value. These factors had a cascading effect on the economy resulting in high fuel and grain prices, which coupled with inefficient agricultural production that almost halved livestock rendered supply of raw milk the weakest link in the supply chain for the dairy industry. While it was estimated that 35%-80% of a family budget was spent on food, the economic situation in the country demanded that producers keep their prices low. The other factors that had a bearing on competitive rivalry were access to financial resources, wider product range and efficient distribution. This in turn meant tight management controls on production and distribution costs especially to reach produce to regions where the purchasing power was lower than in cities like Moscow. Sources of competition (Five forces): Before WBD arrived on the scene the Russian dairy sector was either regional or city-centred. They were making packaged milk, kefir (a fermented dairy drink), soured cream, butter, cream, and cottage cheese. The packaging technologies available to the small players were not able to provide long shelf life and limited their geographical reach. As the regional dairies were catering to markets as far away as 500 miles, under utilisation of production facilities, high logistics and distribution costs pushed up the prices. The economic crash of 1998 and the erosion of the rouble made the consumer highly price sensitive. WBD spotted a business opportunity in the situation. By expanding its product range and longer storage facilities the company felt that it could reach wider markets, offer low prices and utilise business opportunities offered by a liberalised economy. WBD actively pursued the policy of regional expansion, expanded its product portfolio and continuous advertising helped the company capture 30% each in the national dairy and juices markets. The situation also prompted western companies to relocate their production facilities to Russia in order to trim costs and be able to compete there. Therefore during this period the company had to contend with the entry of new international players such as Campina, Danone, Erhmann and Parmalat. WBD relied on branding, quality control, expanding product range and continued diversification as the strategy for fighting competition. The recovery of the economy in the new millennium saw changing trends in consumers becoming wealthier, more westernised, inclined to spend more and demanding high end products. Consumers began demanding healthy diets, more products with biologically active ingredients, special product lines for children with various multi-vitamin and other supplements. SWOT: As WBD set its sights on becoming the nation's leading food producer early on the company had a head start on competition. The company began implementing the idea by a multi-pronged strategy: product development, distribution, quality control, packaging, marketing and geographical expansion beyond Russia's borders into other CIS countries like Kyrgyzstan and

Community Solutions Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Community Solutions - Research Paper Example According to European standards, the categories of people who have been considered as poor have been â€Å"1. the long term unemployed and the young unemployed, 2. the elderly, 3, single parent families, 4. second generation migrants, 5. refugees and returning minors, 6. marginal groups- e.g. gypsies, travellers, homeless, 7. underpriveleged urban districts, 8. impoverished rural areas† (Cullen, 5). The American definition for 2011 is that â€Å"for a family of four including two adults and two children, total yearly income has to be below $22,350, to be called poor as is given in the US Department of Health and Human Services website. While addressing the issues that the poor people face, as members of the subculture of poverty, one major concern has always been the physical eradication of poverty and its negative manifestations which lives of the poor people miserable. Community development is universally accepted as the most effective method to address poverty and its prob lems. The community development program of 1980s in Ireland was a landmark in the history of the fight against poverty (Cullen, 11). Cullen, in his study on nine poverty elimination projects implemented in Ireland, has revisited the methods and strategies followed by various organizations and agencies who participated in these projects and has concluded that â€Å"community development is a process that deliberately activates, encourages and supports groups of people to participate in collective action in pursuit of common interests, and which contributes to social justice and equity† (Cullen, 11). During the John-Nixon era, in the US, â€Å"community action programs† were abundant and quite popular (Joseph, 49). Though they set the stage for the emergence of a welfare state, they were also criticized as capable of only peripherally addressing the issues of poverty (Patterson, 146). Notwithstanding these opposing viewpoints regarding community solutions to the subcultu re of poverty, the global intellectual discourses have always seen community solutions as the most viable way out (Cullen, Joseph, FAO and Gaiha). The best available community solution to the subculture of poverty will be to set up community level revolving funds partially sponsored by the government and partially by the industrial houses of the country. To raise the funds, the government will have to introduce a special tax of 0.1% of the profit, on the corporate companies, which have a profit margin above a fixed ceiling. These funds along with a government contribution will then be transferred to the local authorities to be utilized for ensuring a minimum of 200 days’ work for all those able-bodied persons who have been listed as poor. The form of work has to be fixed at local level, by the local administration in consultation with the community leaders, and according to the local resources available and prevailing local conditions and necessities. For example, if in a pla ce having water scarcity, the work has to be provided in water conservation activities, which can contribute to the local economy in a productive way. And the newly generated water could be given back into the community at a reasonable cost. Similarly, in an area where the major vocation is agriculture, work can be provided in community-level agro-processing industries. This solution will have to involve â€Å"massive commitments of Federal funds†

How illiteracy influences people’s life Essay Example for Free

How illiteracy influences people’s life Essay In the movie, The Reader, Kate Winslet played the role of Hanna Schmitz, an illiterate train conductor who was sent to jail without even understanding what she has done wrong. When Hanna said the line, I would rather listen to you , I was moved because these few words allowed me to empathize with people who are illiterate. It gave me a glimpse of the feelings of helplessness and frustration they must encounter in their everyday life. The movie also showed me how illiteracy can affect a persons life. Because of the fact that they do not have access to the information the rest of the world has, they end up being enslaved by the opinions of the literate. It is impossible for them to construct opinions as they do lack the details needed to create one. At the same time, they are forced to be dependent on people who can provide them with this information. They are also under the mercy of people who have knowledge in the written law. The movie also showed me how humbling it must be not to be able to read or write. At the start of the movie, she had an affair with a man half her age. And, whenever the man would read for her, her seniority faded away because of the way she would act like a child waiting for her father to read her a bed time story. Hannas story shows how important being literate is. It plays an important role in a persons life as it can change his or her destiny. In this essay, I would like to talk about the changes and effects of literacy to a persons mind and life. I would like to show how literacy can give intellect and power to a person by going through the works of Staple, Douglass and Kozel which they created in order to emphasize the importance of literacy in the democratic world. Brent Staple, an author and editorial writer for the New York Times, recounted the way his grandfather changed his life by learning how to read. In one of his articles, he wrote: Name of Author 2- â€Å"Nevertheless, the ability to read and write gave them a vantage point on their circumstances and protected them from swindlers who regularly stripped illiterate people of land and other assets. † (p. 1) Staples grandfather was able to gain his independence by learning how to read and write. He also learned how to distinguish what is good from what is bad, what can benefit him and what can ruin his life. He also found himself with the power to think and give his opinion as he now has a better grasp of the issues around him. Armed with the knowledge he was able to acquire from reading, he found the power to make his own decisions and fight for his rights. He was able to free himself from the prison of other peoples thoughts. Another writer, Frederick Douglass, who is famous for his line: I would unite with anybody to do right and with nobody to do wrong, wrote an article that is parallel to Staples article in the way that he talked about the way literacy influenced his life and his thinking. Douglass story, however, is quite different from that of Staples grandfather. In his story, he recounted that he learned how to read in secret with the fear of being beaten. Being born a slave, Douglass was passed on from one owner to another. The wife of one his owners taught him the alphabet even though she knew that there was a law against teaching slaves how to read. Her husband obviously disapproved about this when he found out. He believed that a slave who gains literacy will be unsatisfied with his condition and yearn for freedom. Even with the threat of being caught and beaten up, Douglass learned how to read with the help of the white children in the neighborhood. He also did his best to observe the way the order white men would write. His perspective changed after he has attained literacy. Douglas realized that black men are not brutes or savages who should be limited to working as a slave, Name of Author 3 they have the right to be educated and respected. As his master predicted, he yearned for the freedom that the white people have. As he continues to learn how to read and write, Douglass attitude to life is gradually transformed by literacy. Douglass mentions in the article: â€Å"I read them over and over again with unabated interest. They give tongue to interesting thought of my own soul†¦. The moral which I gained from the dialogue was the power of truth over the conscience of even a slaveholder. † (p. 45) By learning how to read and write, Douglass learned not only the meaning of words and sentences, but the power of knowledge. He slowly became aware of his rights as a human being and how unfairly the black people have been treated. He also realized that illiteracy is the reason why the white people were able to enslave his race for so long. Not only did illiteracy keep them unaware of their rights, it also made them unable to think for themselves, to distinguish from right and wrong, what is harmful and what is not. It also stopped them from acquiring the knowledge that they need to pursue their freedom. Hence, they were influenced by the white people to believe that their only purpose in life was to work for them. With his newfound knowledge, he was able to change his life and gain his freedom. At the same time, having appreciated the value of literacy, he passed on the knowledge to other slaves, giving them the opportunity to change their own lives. In Kozol’s article, he focuses on how illiteracy can threaten a persons way of life and thinking. He believes that one will never really have ability to protect himself if he is illiterate because he is always unaware of whats going on. He cant read the strange signs on the street that warns him of danger or tells him that he is breaking the law. Neither can he read legal documents, making him vulnerable to being swindled. He is also unaware of his rights. Kozol Name of Author – 4 says, â€Å" They do not know what rights they have, what deadlines and requirements they face, what option they might choose to exercise. They are half-citizens. Their right exist I print but not in fact. † (52-53) They cannot protect their own rights since they dont know what their rights are. Neither can they apply their rights or make a choice because they do not know what their options are. The same points were tackled by Douglas in his article when he said that black people were treated like slaves because they were not literate and were not given the chance to know that they do not have to limit themselves to such a status. They just thought that would go through this nightmare for the rest of their lives because no one could save them. What they didnt know was they couldve saved themselves had they known that they had rights to fight for. If they had been literate, they would have realized that they are not slaves and they have right to be educated and respected because they are humans. Illiteracy, however, has exiled them to such an nightmarish existence where their destiny is dictated by their masters. Now literacy still plays the most important role in society. If you are not able to read and write, it would be really hard for you to live. You wouldnt know how to deal with a lot of things. You wouldnt know what is right or wrong, what would benefit you and what would harm you. Because of the numerous things that you do not know, your lack of knowledge can bring you harm. At the same time, your lack of knowledge, stops you from having your own beliefs or opinions. And, since you have know access to the options you can choose from, you end up believing that there are none and the only thing you can do is follow what the other people are doing or to have the same opinion as they do. Without literacy, all the people can do is follow and obey, allowing other people to take charge of their own lives. If a country is filled with illiterate people then democracy is useless since the mindless majority can be controlled by the Name of Author 5- government and the votes of those who are literate and have their own minds can be surpassed by those who arent. If that is the case, then the government can become a dictator in the guise of democracy. Hence, it is safe to say that without the presence of literacy, there is no knowledge. Without knowledge, there are no choices. And, without knowledge, there is no freedom which is the very essence of democracy.

Health and Safety Management in Healthcare Setting

Health and Safety Management in Healthcare Setting 1.2 Assess the responsibilities in a specific health and social care workplace for the management of health and safety, in relation to organisational structures. Chief executive officers( CEO) stakeholder Manager Deputy manager Unit manger Administer Human resource nurse Housekeeper Hospitality Domestic Senior carer Care staff receptionist Activity cleaner As a CEO for a company the vision is determine and communicate organisation strategic and direction. Without direction the organisation is simply a group of people pursuing individual goals, guided by their own values. Only the CEO can accomplish the task of balancing resources the most important ones are capital and people. The CEO makes sure they are available in the appropriate numbers and at the right time for the company to succeed. Culture is the set of shared attitudes, goals, behaviours and values that describe a group. It improves how things get done at a business level and influences the entirety of the employee experience and thus the clients experience. Making good decisions is important as a new CEO is often surprised by the magnitude of issues confronting him or her. One minute the CEO is discussing a new product, or next a human resources issue. The CEO Oversee and deliver the organization performance. Everyone agrees that the CEO is ultimately responsible for a companys performance. To be successful, he or she must take an active part in motivating change. Manager responsibility is to monitor and evaluate health and safety policy and to implement new guide line. This is carry out in looking at the workplace though inspection and auditing information thought management structure .A good manager is not measured by what he does but by what he can get others to do .He often direct people in directions that they do not want to go, by getting them to do things that they would not otherwise do. A manager must be able to set a vision for his organisation and to support his staff to see the importance of that vision. In my work place it is the responsible of my manager and deputy manager for training the staffin health and safety issue as this may take place in the course of their duties.They are train in the basic regulations such as cleanliness which is important in avoiding food poisoning. In addition, ensuing that equipments are continuously kept at their selected places and there is an active procedure of disposing of waste to increases sa fety. There are security issues that can impart on reducing of hazards. For instance, all staff should be aware of hazard to reduce accident and near misses. Also as manager they make sure that staffs are train in health and safety issues in the workplace. They also involved in purchasing safety requirements and developing safety policies in the organization while making sure staff are following and carry them out in their daily activated. Deputy manager work with the manager to make sure staff or educated and that all safety policies of the organizations are followed through constant monitoring, thought audit and recording of information about each staff member .A deputy manager work with a general manager to assist in the day to day running of the organisation when the manager is not around the deputy take over the responsibility they are there to support the staff ,while carrying out there administrate dutiesand perform humanresource tasks, such as recruiting and assessing staff performance. The deputy preforms many jobs like, implementation of business procedures that help you to save time and money in the organisation by increasing efficiency. This work best with staff having a set processes to follow which help them to get more done in lest time, this will free up more time for the deputy to get back to more serous things, more than just the day to day running of the organisation if they have more competent staff .Policy and procedures can also improve the reliability and service delivery by your staff. Also assisting General Managers, Controlling cost or expenditure, maintain quality standards. Training employees, Budgeting, Preparing reports, attending meeting and Doing presentations. As employees my responsible is to follow the security policies implemented by the organization. Also report any cases of hazards or any faulty equipments to prevention any accident from happening. Nurse are responsible for their care staff who are working with them they make sure staff are flowing the policy and procedure while carry out their duties they delegate to senior staff while supervising them to follow the health and safety training they attend and make sure paperwork or up to date accrue and clear. Hospitality team make sure they are following the health and safety guideline when handle food, and the food hygiene procedure. (Food safety act 1990) Domestic and cleaners must follow the policy and procedure regarding health and safety because of the chemical they work with can be dangerous for other. COSHH is the control of substance that is hazardous to health and therefore must be lock away and only person who have control and responsibility can access it. You can prevent or reduce workers expose to hazardous. 1.3 Analyse health and safety priorities appropriate for a specific health and social care workplace Health and safety priorities in my work environment is every ones job to make sure you are safe .health and safety looks at different types of safety issues like food hygiene ,fire safety ,first aid and RIDDOR. Employers must safeguard their staff from harm the health safety and welfare of their employees and others is paramount. All accidents should be reported to my supervisor minor or major accident or injuries If there is an accident related to your work and your employee, or self-employed person working on the premises that sustain a major injury, or a member of public suffers an injury and is taken to hospital from the site of the accident this is reportable under ( RIDDOR). Or a doctor tells you have a work-related disease or condition you need to report it. But, as a self-employed person you dont need to notify immediately if you suffer a major injury on your own premises. Dangerous occurrence you will have to notify the enforcing authority if you are off work for more than three days if it is a work related illness and for disease it should be reported as soon as the doctor tells you. (RIDDOR REGULATOR1995) Reportable dangerous occurrences like if someone Collapse, explosion, fire or electrical short circuit or lifting equipment malfunction reporting information late or not at all can become a habit and this can lead to you being prosecute Safety consultants(SC): Are employed by the organization to train the employees or install equipment that can help you to deal with danger in the work place. They a provide information to the management on laws and regulations with regards to safety in the work environment. A first aid box should be fully stocked this box is green. Also a person is appointed to take charge in an emergency situation most work place have a first aider on all shift to assist staff. fire safety employer has policy and procedure for fire safety and what to do in case of a fire also ways to prevent fire and who you raise the alarm if you discover a fire in the building .how the emergency evacuation process is pre-arranged and designated area or assembles point. Why are they not following the policy and procedure did your staff understand the training was it clear ,did they get a change to ask question .where they supervise first time doing task did you give enough information on subject also are they aware of the law government the policy procedure in regard to complaint within the guideline. Is the training up to date with new guideline is the equipment up to date or they pat tested are they being encourage to follow the policy is there anything else the company can do. Are they aware if they are found in breach of the law that they can face prosecution is the company aware of what is going wrong and are they working on making it right if someone lost their life you are unable to get that person back and that would mean you will have to live with it but also paid for it with their life it could mean that someone maybe be behind bar .why they do not want to change and bully anyone who try to do the right thing. Sometime the staffs do not want to do extra work and find it hard to follow the policy and procedure of their organisation. 2.1 Analyse how information from risk assessments inform care planning for individuals and organisation decision making about policy and procedures. A 75 year old lady was admitted to smart care home for the elderly, she is diagnosed with dementia. She as loss of memory and sometimes she is confused, in the last few weeks she has fallen 3 times as this as to do with her mobility and the medication she is taking daily and what she is eating and drinking . Due to the mobility of miss G regarding the risk assessment that has been done she needs support to mobilise well, staff is responsible to make sure when she is walking she has her walking aids to support her at all times, and that there is someone with her .staff are reminded to follow the manual handling procedure when moving or handling clients. Miss G was seen by the her doctor and was referred to see an occupational health therapies team to assess her mobility to get the best aids and equipment she needs while making sure her best interest is at the heart of what you are doing, making sure she is involve as much as possible. Make sure the walk way is clear of any derbies to prevent trips and falls. Due to the facts that miss G is suffering from dementia and memory loss and get confused she find it increasing difficulty when speaking. It is important to keep communicating with her or use different method to support her. Like using picture chart with family member, charts that as picture of food and drink items. Because of the memory loss miss G tend to wander off some times and get confused and forget where she was going this lead to her feeling anxious and agitated, also new surrounding and people can cause her to be confuse so as staff we have to reassure her more as she become easily disorientated, and sometimes she can harm herself and this is others so support is needed but not restriction. Refer back to the risk assessment to safe guard client. Medication can cause different side effect she needs to have the right dosages also making sure that she is taking them. If you are concern about her having side effect like having upset stomach or nausea you must inform the doctor so her medication can be review. Staff must attended on-going training about medication, while following the correct procedure an how to administer and the storage of medication. Also monitor the wellbeing of miss G with the support of other professionals. Medication risk assessment form is there to make sure we are not overlooking risk when dealing with medication. Miss G find it difficult to Eat and Drink sometime because she forget what she was doing because of the dementia so you have to supervise her ,she do not have much of an appetite and if she is not having enough to eat it can lead to weight loss. Miss G will have to be place on a food plan to monitor her input and output ratio and a weekly weight plan to see how much weight she is losing, by fortified her meals it will help her to maintain her weight while the doctor is inform so she can be assessed by a dietician in case she need additional supplements. Personal hygiene for miss G can be changeling due to her age and the dementia as much as possible we try to explain what is happen to her .good personal hygiene have to be maintain because of infection that can accrue that can lead to her skin breaking down. When assisting miss G with personal care she find it hard and sometime she can be aggressive so too staff much assist and reassure her. Regular check should be done to prevent and relieve pressure area and skin integrity making sure we are using the correct hygiene product we can include a weekly body map to note any changes. Staff should be reminded when assisting client to maintain respect, dignity and choice. When transporting miss G to appointment she must be supported with the right equipment like wheel chair and ramp to get her an the transport and staff should attend with her. Make sure right transport is book and that miss G is ready in advance so you are not rushing her follow the policy and procedure when moving and handling. Risk assessment state that she should be accompany by at least one staff for her safety. The aim of this care plan is to make sure that miss G get the best possible care while taking in to account her rights ,choice and maintaining her independence. References Business Advice Directory (2011) CQC Compliant Drug Medications Management (2017) eporting_an_accident_late_better_than_never_/UKTAHSAR_EU100302/related access online 27/2/17 Harding M, et al (2014) Memory Loss and Dementia http://businessdatabase.indicator.co.uk/business_advice_directory/articles/riddor/is_r access online 27/2/17 http://patient.info/health/memory-loss-and-dementia http://smallbusiness.chron.com/top-three-responsibilities-manager-36561.html access online 26/2/17 http://www.academia.edu/11781597/Health_and_safety_in_health_and_social_care_organization access online 26/2/17 http://www.jobisjob.co.uk/deputy-manager/job-description access online 26/2/17 http://www.nhs.uk/Conditions/dementia-guide/Pages/symptoms-of-dementia.aspx access online 2/3/17 http://www.qcs.co.uk/care-nursing-homes/medications-management/?gclid=CI3ktuyKuNICFYm4GwodNPEJ1w access online 2/3/17 http://www.seton.com/blog/2013/06/the-importance-of-first-aid access online 27/2/17 http://www.south-yrshire.gov.uk/environmentalhealth/healthandsafety/accidents.aspx access online 27/2/17 http://www.tutorcare.co.uk/blog/the-importance-of-fire-safety-in-a-care-environment-479.html access online 27/2/17 https://www.entrepreneur.com/article/233354 https:h//barbradozier.wordpress.com/2013/07/24/health-and-safety-in-the-health-and-social-care-workplace/ access online 26/2/17 NHS Choices (2015) Symptoms of dementia Queensland government (2016) Woodman c (2017) the Top Three Responsibilities of a Manager www.business.qld.gov.au/starting-business/planning/business-planning/processes-procedures-standards access online 26/2/17